IN THIS SECTION

Sample Management Center

TWITTER

PRESS RELEASES

  • DAIRYLAND LABORATORIES INC. PURCHASES FEED ANALYSIS LABORATORY FROM WAYPOINT ANALYTICAL
    3-3-2023

    Dairyland Laboratories announces that it has purchased the feed laboratory from Waypoint Analytical in Leola, PA. Waypoint will continue to provide other services at the Leola, PA location.
    Read more »

  • DAIRYLAND LABORATORIES INC. PURCHASES FEED AND FORAGE TESTING SERVICES FROM DHIA LABORATORIES
    4-25-2022

    Dairyland Laboratories announces that it has purchased feed and forage testing services from DHIA Laboratories in Sauk Centre, MN. DHIA Laboratories will continue to provide milk and testing independe...
    Read more »

  • DAIRYLAND LABORATORIES INC. AND NORTHWEST LABS LLC COLLABORATE ON FEED AND FORAGE TESTING AT JEROME, ID LOCATION
    5-14-2019

    Dairyland Laboratories Inc. is excited to announce our new collaboration with Northwest Labs, LLC, to provide feed and forage testing services from Northwest Lab’s Jerome, Idaho location. Northwest La...
    Read more »

Sample Management Center

Mycotoxin Interpretation

Interpretation PDF

Mycotoxin interpretation is difficult for multiple reasons including:

  • Mycotoxin sensitivities vary by livestock species, maturity, and physiological state
  • Published research utlizing naturally contaminated feeds is very limited
  • Mycotoxins rarely occur independent of mold and other mycotoxins
  • The impact of a mycotoxin on livestock performance likely depends on the additional toxins that are present as well as other environmental stressors

The table below summarizes "Concern" and "Potentially Harmful" thresholds for mycotoxins in total ration dry matter, gathered from multiple sources. Thresholds for individual feeds depend on the proportion of the diet a feed represents and the mycotoxin contribution of the other feeds.

    *Concern Level **Potentially Harmful
  Unit All species Cattle Swine Equine
Aflatoxin ppb 20 20 20 20
Vomitoxin (DON) ppm 0.3 2.5 0.6 0.4
Zearalenone ppb 250 3,900 600 N/A
T2 / HT2 ppb 100 700 700 N/A
Fumonisin ppm 1 6.7 11.1 1
Ochratoxin-A ppb 250 5,000 700 N/A
Roquefortine C ppb 1,000 N/A N/A N/A

*Concern levels indicate enough mycotoxin that some types of livestock may experience performance decline. 
**Potentially harmful levels for specific types of livestock indicate probable performance decline and/or an FDA regulated level of mycotoxin. 

References:
Adams, Richard S., Kenneth B. Kephart, Virginia A. Ishler, Lawrence J. Hutchinson, and Gregory W. Roth. “Mold and Mycotoxin Problems in Livestock Feeding.” Dairy Cattle Nutrition (Penn State Extension). Penn State Extension, n.d. Web. 17 Sep. 2013.
Carlson, M.P., and S.M. Ensley. Understanding Fungal (Mold) Toxins (Mycotoxins). University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. June 2003. articles.extension.org. Web. 3 Feb. 2016
Coulombe, R.A., Jr. 1993. Symposium: Biological Action of Mycotoxins. Journal of Dairy Science. 76:880-891.
Whitlow, L.W., F.T. Jones, M.B. Genter, W.M. Hagler, Jr., J.A. Hansen, B.A. Mowrey, and M.H. Poore. (1994, 2007). Understanding and Coping with Effects of Mycotoxins in Livestock Feed and Forage. North Carolina State Cooperative Extension Service. Dec. 1994.
Whitlow, L.W., and W.M. Hagler, Jr. Mold and Mycotoxin Issues in Dairy Cattle: Effects, Prevention, and Treatment. articles.extension.org. Web. 3 Feb. 2016.
Whitlow, L.W., W.M. Hagler, Jr., and D.E. Diaz. Mycotoxins in feeds. Feedstuffs. 15 September 2010, pages 74-84.

Mycotoxin Fact Sheets

Visit Dairyland's mycotoxin fact sheets for more information on individual mycotoxins including:

  • Major crops affected
  • Associated mold
  • Conditions favoring production
  • Symptoms
  • FDA Guidance levels
  • Additional interpretation guidelines

Aflatoxin
Vomitoxin(DON)
Zearalenone
T2/HT2
Fumonisin
Ochratoxin A
Fusaric acid
Trichothescenes
Citrinin
Patulin
Ergot
Prussic acid
 

 

For more information call Dairyland Laboratories, Inc. at 608-323-2123 or contact us here.